- The focus of Ethereum’s Hegotá update is on transaction flexibility, censorship resistance, and privacy.
- Privacy pools may be able to pay transaction fees directly without using third-party relayers thanks to Frame Transactions (EIP-8141).
- Ethereum privacy features could be strengthened by combining Frame Transactions with Keyed Nonces (EIP-8250) and Recent Roots (EIP-8272).
- FOCIL (EIP-7805), which attempts to improve inclusion guaranties and lessen transaction censorship, has been approved for Hegotá.
Ethereum developers are narrowing down the changes that could shape the network’s next major upgrade, Hegotá, expected in 2027. With 66 proposals under consideration, developers are focusing on upgrades that can improve privacy, transaction flexibility, censorship resistance, and network scalability.
Frame Transactions Could Strengthen Privacy
One of the most notable proposals is Frame Transactions, or EIP-8141. The change could give wallets more flexibility over how transactions are approved, executed, and paid for.
Hegotá is taking shape, and we’ve published the Protocol Architecture team’s view on what should go into the fork:
Check it out here:https://t.co/W1lfX3GZC3
The short version: FOCIL is the right headliner, and we think Frame Transactions should join it as the headliner on the…
— Toni Wahrstätter ⟠ (@nero_eth) August 17, 2026
In a follow-up post on X, Wahrstätter said the Protocol Architecture team believes FOCIL should be the “headliner” for Hegotá, with Frame Transactions joining it as a key execution-layer upgrade. He also highlighted the fork’s potential to make a major step forward on Ethereum privacy.
The proposal becomes especially important for privacy applications when combined with Keyed Nonces (EIP-8250) and Recent Roots for Frame Transactions (EIP-8272).
Together, these changes could allow privacy pools to pay their own transaction fees instead of depending on third-party relayers. That could reduce links between users’ wallet activity and the outside services submitting transactions for them.
However, the upgrade would not make Ethereum completely private. Regular transactions between standard addresses would remain visible on the blockchain. Instead, the changes would give privacy-focused applications more tools to operate with less external infrastructure.
FOCIL Targets Transaction Censorship
Another major change is Fork-Choice Enforced Inclusion Lists, or FOCIL (EIP-7805). Unlike the privacy proposals, FOCIL focuses on censorship resistance.
The system would allow network participants to create lists of valid transactions that should be included in blocks. This could reduce the ability of a single block builder to exclude certain transactions.
FOCIL has already been confirmed for Hegotá, while Frame Transactions and most other proposals remain under consideration.
Glamsterdam Could Change Gas Costs
Before Hegotá, Ethereum is preparing for the Glamsterdam upgrade. The Ethereum Foundation has warned that its new gas model could break some wallets, indexers, and gas-estimation tools that rely on hardcoded limits.
EIP-8037 would introduce a separate state-gas dimension for operations that create new blockchain state. While a normal ETH transfer to an existing account would still cost 21,000 gas, transfers creating a new account could face an additional charge.
Developers have therefore been urged to test their applications on the Plataberget testnet before the changes reach other networks.
Developers Must Narrow The Hegotá Scope
Hegotá is still in the planning stage, and developers cannot include every proposal currently being discussed. The final selection will depend on whether each change can be implemented, tested, and delivered on schedule.
Beyond privacy and censorship resistance, proposals are also exploring faster transactions, changes to validator economics, improved data handling, and stronger protection against future quantum computing threats.
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